The province of Bari is a fascinating mosaic of contrasts, between coasts bathed by the Adriatic Sea and the austere Murgia hinterland. This itinerary will explore 10 architectural wonders, revealing secrets and legends that define a unique and resilient land.
1. Bari: The Beating Heart
Bari Vecchia: Labyrinth of Life and History
Bari Vecchia is the ancient heart of the city, a medieval maze that holds a thousand-year history. Originally founded by the Greeks, Bari became an important center during Roman and Lombard rule. The historic quarter, once ill-reputed, is now a restored jewel that preserves the charm of ancient workshops and traditional dwellings. Wandering through the alleys, one can discover small medieval churches, hidden courtyards, and shops where orecchiette, a symbol of local cuisine, are still handmade today.
Basilica di San Nicola: Bridge between Worlds
Built between 1087 and 1197, the Basilica is the symbol of Apulian spirituality. It was erected to house the relics of Saint Nicholas, stolen from the Turkish city of Myra. This historical event transformed Bari into an international pilgrimage destination, uniting Catholics and Orthodox. The crypts and Romanesque decorations, rich in sculptural details and frescoes, make the Basilica a place of extraordinary historical and artistic interest.
Cattedrale di San Sabino: The Solstice of Light
Begun in the 12th century on the remains of an early Christian basilica, the Cathedral of San Sabino is famous for the phenomenon of the summer solstice. This event showcases the great architectural and astronomical skill of ancient medieval builders, capable of creating a perfect alignment between the two rose windows of the structure, generating a spectacular light effect every year on June 21st.
2. Polignano and Monopoli: Coast of Dreams
Polignano: Poetry Suspended over the Sea
Polignano's roots are steeped in Greek and Roman history. During the Middle Ages, the town developed fortifications to defend itself from pirate incursions. Grotta Palazzese, famous since the 18th century for its noble dinners, continues to amaze tourists and visitors with its scenic position overlooking the sea.
Monopoli: Port of History and Freedom
Founded by the Messapians, Monopoli became a flourishing city under the Romans. During the Crusades, the port was a crucial strategic point, as evidenced by the Gerosolimitano Hospital of the Knights of Malta. The castle fortified by Charles V in the 16th century testifies to the city's military and strategic importance.
3. Castel del Monte and the Romanesque Cathedrals
Castel del Monte: Frederick II's Enigma
Castel del Monte was commissioned by Frederick II of Swabia in the 13th century, and its function remains a mystery. The octagonal structure is considered an example of architectural perfection, perhaps used as an astronomical observatory or a place of spiritual retreat.
Trani Cathedral: Queen of the Adriatic
Built in the 11th century, this cathedral represents the highest example of Apulian Romanesque architecture. Its position by the sea highlights Trani's centrality as a commercial and religious port during the Middle Ages.
Concattedrale di Bitonto: Romanesque Icon
Erected in the 12th century, this co-cathedral represents the perfection of the Apulian Romanesque style. The portal is famous for its rich iconographic decorations, which include griffins, lions, and biblical scenes.
Conversano: The Power of the Abbesses and Olive Oil Excellence
Conversano, a city of charm and history, hosts extraordinary attractions such as the Castello Acquaviva, a splendid example of feudal architecture and historical residence of the Acquaviva d’Aragona family, who ruled the city for centuries. A few steps away, the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta testifies to the grandeur of Apulian Romanesque with its essential and elegant lines.
The Monastery of San Benedetto, with its long history linked to the power of the "Mitred Abbesses," offers a unique insight into the female role in European ecclesiastical history. From the 13th to the 19th century, these women exercised extraordinary episcopal power, a unique case in the history of the Church.
During a visit to Conversano, a stop at the Bishop, Frantoio D'Orazio's shop, is a must. Here, you can taste locally produced extra virgin olive oils and purchase high-quality Apulian food delicacies. Bishop offers a complete sensory experience, allowing you to discover the olive oil tradition that has made Frantoio D'Orazio famous worldwide.
Journey between Stone and Legend
This itinerary shows the Land of Bari as a treasure chest of historical and architectural wonders, a living testament to its incredible capacity for adaptation and innovation through the centuries.
